Integrated mitogenome and Y chromosome analysis untangles the complex origin of African pigs
Odongo LA, Adeola AC, Msalya GM, Olaniyan OF, Njuki RN, Mauki DH, Ndiema EK, Shi X, Cai ZF, Yin TT, Fu Y, Liu X, Zhao S, Djagoun CAMS, Luka PD, Wanzie NK, Niba G, Oluwole OO, Olaogun SC, Omotosho O, Sanke OJ, Greiner E, Okoro VMO, Omitogun OG, Dawuda PM, Souron A, Xie HB, Agwanda B, Mwacharo JM, Bishop RP, Han JL, Peng MS, Zhang YP.
Abstract
The genetic history of African indigenous pigs remains poorly documented due to scarce archaeological and genomic data. Here, we analyzed 473 mitogenomes and 202 Y chromosome sequences from indigenous pigs in Africa, alongside 901 published mitogenomes and 715 Y chromosome sequences from Eurasian pigs and wild boars. Our results reveal that African pigs predominantly descend from European (haplogroup E, 44.8%) and East Asian (haplogroup D, 53.3%) lineages. Interestingly, there was a novel detection of Asian wild boar haplogroup A∗ (1.9%) in Tanzania. This pattern is congruent with that of Y chromosome analysis. Further maternal analyses confirm a genetic link between western African and Iberian pigs dating to about 4.5 ka, and dispersal into eastern Africa coinciding with the Bantu expansion around 2 ka. Our findings demonstrate complex human-mediated dispersal routes, highlighting the role of Bantu societies in shaping the genetic architecture of African indigenous pigs. Subject areas: genomics, evolutionary ecology, evolutionary history
This page indexes the study's public bibliographic record. The full text belongs to the journal; follow the DOI above to read it at the source.